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March, 2025

Knowing the Basics of UPS Lead-acid Batteries

Batteries

    Major Battery Types Used in UPS Systems

    Nowadays, most UPS systems are built using two major battery types: lead-acid and lithium-ion. While newer technologies like lithium-ions are making strides, lead-acid batteries are far from obsolete and still remain an essential choice for most users due to their affordability, reliability, and recyclability. This article will introduce the basics of lead-acid batteries.

    What are Lead-acid Batteries?

    Lead-acid batteries are a type of rechargeable battery made up of multiple cells, which are combined into a single unit to provide overall capacity. The batteries contain lead peroxide, sponge lead, and dilute sulfuric acid. The lead is submerged into the sulphuric acid to allow the battery to produce electricity.

    There are two major designs of lead-acid batteries: Vented Lead Acid (VLA) and Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA). VLA batteries are also known as "flooded" batteries because they use a liquid electrolyte and require periodic topping up to maintain proper levels. VRLA batteries are known as "sealed" batteries because the electrolyte is gelled and the enclosure is sealed, allowing the batteries to generate relatively smaller footprint. Also, they can be installed in external cabinets or open racks in parallel, allowing for scalable configurations to extend UPS system runtime.

    The Benefits of UPS Systems Using Lead-Acid Batteries

    While lithium-ion batteries are getting popular, lead-acid batteries' benefits continue to make them an irreplaceable choice in the market.

    Affordability

    Lead-acid batteries are generally affordable and cost-effective, which make them an attractive option when the cost is the primary consideration of the power application.

    Reliability

    Lead-acid batteries are extensively applied in various environments. Also, they are designed to endure harsher conditions such as shock or vibration, making them a reliable option for their consistency and robustness.

    Recyclability

    The components of lead-acid batteries are less complex and recyclable with the highest overall recycling rate among all battery types. The basic components can be reused for variable industrial applications, or neutralized for disposal, thus mitigating environmental impact.

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